According to Fitzpatrick, this disregard can be attributed to scholars focus on the failures of the event. As the Germans were invading Finland at this time to fight Communism, the Allied forces were informed by their ambassadors in Russia that the Bolsheviks were helping the Triple Entente and that if they were to win the First World War, they would have to crush the Russian forces as well (Serge). The February 1917 Revolution How did the U.S.S.R. respond to the Hungarian Revolution? In December 1916, Rasputin was first (perhaps) poisoned, then shot three times, wrapped in a rug, and thrown in the river. The failure of Bolshevism can also be blamed on Trotsky, who took over as leader of the Russian Revolution after Lenin died in 1924. This can be seen during the Cold War, as the United States promises to protect any country that is fighting against the spread of Bolshevism. The Russian Revolution was successful because workers, soldiers, and peasants were able to wrest power away from the Provisional Government. Russians simply cant afford to forget this aspect of their past. The Virtue of Inevitable Defeats Before the Russian Revolution, there was not a single successful proletarian revolution. He eventually returned to Russia to take a key role in the failed revolution of 1905, and the then-successful revolution of 1917. Why was the French Revolution considered a social revolution? The industrial revolution reached Russia significantly later than the rest of Europe. First, the February Russian Revolution toppled the Russian monarchy and established a Provisional Government. The emancipation of the serfs led to a dramatic increase in population in Russian cities, as people moved away from the countryside to urban areas. Not all Communist countries are created through a proletarian revolution and not all proletarian revolutions end in Communism but there is certainly a direct correlation. This left Russia to be virtually a colonized nation and, as with many other bourgeois revolutions, lack of food was the main concern of the working class. How did the Russian Revolution of 1917 impact World War I? Alexandra was the granddaughter of Britains Queen Victoria. The clearest illustration of how far to the right the Bolsheviks had moved following the outbreak of the October Revolution is the brutal repression of the Kronstadt rebellion in 1921 by Red Army troops. The bourgeoisie did not believe that their Communism could ever succeed and perhaps neither did the working class and this is why Lenins determination was so crucial. Nicholas II and his entire family were, of course, killed during the Revolution in 1918. Why did Bolsheviks kill the Russian aristocracy? It was the Civil War w. The first reason why the Bolshevik Revolution was successful was . Why did the Russian Empire become the Soviet Union? The Tsars wife, Alexandra, sent a letter to her husband on the Eastern front telling him that, this is a hooligan campaign, with boys and girls running about shouting that they have no bread all this will surely pass (Baggins). In response, the Finnish Red Guard, which served as the working class, seized the capital of Helsinki in late January of 1918 and the proletarian revolution was formally declared (Tepora). Available from: https://gradesfixer.com/free-essay-examples/the-failure-and-success-of-the-russian-revolution/. With this underway, the Bolsheviks demanded a restructuring of the government, as the democratically elected Duma, which had been created in place of the royal family, was not working out as they hoped it would. Most had been charged significantly more than market rates for the land, in some cases as much as a third. What was the result of the Hungarian uprising against Soviet control? The events destroyed the Tsarist autocracy, and helped create the Soviet Union. Nevertheless, the states out of character (non)reaction to the centenary may function, according to Fitzpatrick, as a kind of reconciliation for the 1917 events. No. In total, some 150,000 troops were lost in this single battle. She was strongly influenced by Rasputin and, once she was in power, began firing competent government officials and replacing them with her own. 2023 gradesfixer.com. The 1917 revolution in Russia is widely considered a classic example of successful violent revolt. His unwavering intent to establish socialism in Russia, regardless of the ripeness of the social and economic conditions, and his firm conviction that only the Bolsheviks represented the true interests of the workers, would compel him to adopt strategies and policies that would soon deprive the Revolution of whatever potential it had originally had for the establishment of a new social order based on workers control of the means of production and democracy (which Lenin, sadly enough, associated with the dictatorship of the proletariat). This means that the working class doesnt just have to defeat their countrys upper and middle classes but also those of any other country who wish to get involved. The immediate causes of the revolution were military defeat in the Russo-Japanese War and the well-known massacre, known as Bloody Sunday. The failure of Bolshevism is a failure of the Russian Revolution. The notions of revolutionary success or failure each possess many nuances and therefore perhaps are insufficient as characterizations of a single event. What Was The Russian Revolution? "On this day I was born a second time, but now not as an all-forgiving and all-forgetting child, but as an embittered man, prepared to struggle and to triumph." -A worker after Bloody Sunday. Russia suffered horrific military losses, costing both significant resources and massive numbers of human lives. Rasputin has, over time, gained a particularly bad reputation. Why were the Revolutions of 1848 important? The Russian Revolution was successful because it ended feudalism and capitalism, which were two of the biggest problems in Russia. His reputation was not an entirely fair one. The Russian communist, with his journalistic background in Germany and business success in Constantinople, wrote the script of a revolution for the Foreign Office. On January 22, 1905, 150,000 people gathered to ask Nicholas II for his support and assistance. Yes, the Russian Revolution was successful. While we should accept that Lenins solution failed, this does not mean abandoning Lenin. Until the end of the 1990s, study of World War I was obscured by the Russian Revolution. Additional defeats followed. Why was the Mexican Revolution fought among many armies? Ferdinand II attempted to impose Roman Catholic absolutism on his domain. The very idea of a proletarian revolution comes from the middle class, who originally supported the working class, deciding to take up arms against them. The Russian empire was unlike any major European country but was nonetheless trying to catch up to countries like England and Germany. They were also lucky as they had the majority in their parliamentary system the Constituent Assembly and were able to control other parties and political opponents in this way. The Russian Revolution was a period of political and social revolution that took place in the former Russian Empire, begun during the First World War. While the pre-war Russian Empire was one of the five Great Powers of Europe, it was the only one that was a net importer of capital rather than an exporter (Serge). Once their country became just another theater of the First World War, the Finnish proletariat were doomed. She was German, and Russia was at war with Germany. The campaigns of 1915 and 1916 on the Eastern Front brought terrible casualties to the Russian forces, which at times did not even have sufficient rifles. There are many possible lenses through which to view the Russian Revolution of 1917. We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience. Why did the Russian Revolution of 1917 fail? The Way How Sugar Changed The World Essay, Depiction of Mass Hysteria in the Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay, Compare And Contrast New England, The Middle Colonies, And The Southern Colonies Essay, Somme: A Historical Analysis of One of WWI's Deadliest Battles Essay, The Role Of Monasteries In Medieval Society Essay. As Fitzpatrick noted, the Soviet Unions disintegration in 1991 was an abrupt collapse, which historians did not predict. Often, bourgeois revolutions are known as democratic-bourgeois revolutions for this very reason. Ferdinand II won after five years of struggling. Exactly one hundred years ago today, in the evening of October 25, 1917, the Winter Palace in Petrograd (todays St Petersburg) was stormed. Not long before his death, in a letter to Nicholas II, he predicted that his own death would lead to the deaths of the entire royal family. The Russian Revolution was not a success because the new government was authoritarian and did not implement the ideals of the revolution. Just as the middle class joined the workers to exploit their large numbers to overthrow the usually dictatorial government in the case of a bourgeois revolution, the counter-revolutions exploit the bourgeois by fighting for an anti-worker democracy (Serge). The Russian Revolution dramatically changed Russia from an autocracy to a communist system of government. Why was the Iranian Revolution widely supported? Home Essay Samples History World History The Failure and Success of the Russian Revolution. To be sure, they were, until then, in Lev Trotskys own words, the pride and joy of the revolution. How did WWI help to bring about the Russian revolution? The Russian Revolution is one of the most important events of the twentieth century. a march where 130 people were killed. The Bolshevik revolutionaries achieved their goals, which included the destruction of the old way of rule, Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Why did the February Revolution lead to communism in Russia? The failure of Bolshevism can also be blamed on Joseph Stalin, who became dictator after Lenin died in 1924 and ruled for about 30 years. The Bolshevik Revolution was unsuccessful because they were unable to introduce new policies that would benefit the Russian people. Why was the Bastille attacked during the French Revolution? What did the Russian Revolution accomplish? Why didn't Britain or Russia face the Revolutions of 1848? The Russian Revolution that occurred throughout the year in 1917 impacted the future for the Russian people by putting an end to a form of government, which had a very small chance of being successful. The Russian Revolution started off just like any other bourgeois revolution did. The risk of starvation increased in a relatively famine-prone region, particularly due to poor administration and organization. How they would accomplish this was still unknown (Serge). The Russian Revolution started in 1917. What year did the Russian Revolution take place? When Nicholas II chose to take direct control of the army as commander-in-chief, he removed himself from a political role. GradesFixer. One parallel between these failed revolutions and the success of the Bolsheviks can be seen with the Finnish Revolution of 1917, which was occurring at the same time as the Russian one the notable difference being that the former revolution failed. What caused the 1905 Revolution? Nevertheless, while Soviet economic development might have appeared impressive in the 1930s-60s, the systems inability to compete with capitalism, particularly in the wake of the information revolution, ultimately led to its demise. The large gap in success rates means that the difference must dramatically affect each time of uprising. Slavoj Zizek, for example, believes that Lenins practice is out of sync with modern times. The Russian Revolution originated as a grassroots movement against the monarchy in the Russian Empire. Answer (1 of 2): The Russian Revolution was not led nor orchestrated by any of the Bolsheviks. Well-educated and often at her grandmothers court, she was described as quite strong-willed. Who were the Soviets in the Russian Revolution? They were declared a republic independent from Russia in 1919 and the Germans claimed that they had saved the working class from the disease of Communism. As late as July 1916, however, the Russian army was capable of making a successful offensive under Gen. Aleksey Brusilov in Volhynia and Bukovina. The Bolshevik Revolution was unsuccessful because it failed to create a new form of government in Russia, which is what the revolutionaries wanted to do but could not do because they were unable to overthrow the Tsar and prevent him from restoring himself back to his position as monarch. What were the immediate consequences of the Russian Revolution? The Russian Revolution was successful because workers, soldiers, and peasants were able to wrest power away from the Provisional Government. Why were emigrants killed in the French Revolution? Yanni Kotsonis, Professor of History, Russian and Slavic Studies at NYU, brought up the idea that perhaps the revolution was a success but simply a bad idea in the first place. Eventually, a ban was put in place limiting night work for women and children, and the workday was limited to no more than 11 hours. You can get your custom paper by one of our expert writers. Why did there emerge such a lack of focus in regards to 1917? The revolution was executed as a result of mass unrest in the country. In September 1915, Nicholas took command of the army himself. Russia's industrial centers. The Russian Revolution is widely regarded as one of the most important events of the 20th century. The Bolshevik Revolution was unsuccessful because it was not supported by all factions within Russias ruling class and it could not have succeeded without their support since there would have been no way to overthrow the Tsar. As with other economic struggles, the greatest burden of this fell on the shoulders of the poor Russians, including both the peasants and the urban working poor. He had already gained a reputation as a mystic and healer. Fitzpatrick continued by considering the Revolution within the success/failure framework. If you fit this description, you can use our free essay samples to generate ideas, get inspired and figure out a title or outline for your paper. The Bolshevik Revolution was unsuccessful because they were unable to stop the White Terror, which led to a breakdown of law and order in Russia and a civil war that resulted in the return of a monarch. Why was the Mexican Revolution Latin America's first social revolution? Why did the Bolsheviks triumph over the anti-communists? copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. I think that the Russian Revolution was successful because it ended feudalism and capitalism. In reality, a huge chunk of the population lost their civic rights when they were let out of POW camps (Tepora). In 1905, after Bloody Sunday, trade unions were legalized. Even they worried that the revolution would be over if they were killed on the frontlines. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. He failed to choose skilled leaders for his military, and made poor strategic decisions throughout the war. Marfa Vasiteva was a brave mill worker and a milling machine operator who single handled organised a successful strike. She married rather old, having already refused a marriage to Britains crown prince favored by her grandmother. This raises the question of what the difference is between these two types of revolution and why it matters. Socialism is also a term whose meaning sparks great disagreement among scholars. In their petition, they called themselves oppressed, and said they were looked on as slaves. . In 1917, communist rebels overthrew the monarchy and instituted a new government. The Tsars abused the power of the absolute monarchy, and this type of government encouraged the Russian Revolution. He attempted to become a monk, but failed. What were the goals of the Russian Revolution? When Nicholas II left for the front in World War I, he left the German Tsarina Alexandra in charge of the government. Since then, the family has grown to include the A318, A319, and A321, and of course, has evolved into the A320neo family. Sugar Changed the World was an informative text [], More than 200 were accused of witchcraft in Salem and around 20 people were executed. Why did people join the Cuban Revolution? The orchestration of the Red Terror, which lasted until the end of the Russian civil war, was assigned to Cheka (a Bolshevik police organisation that reported to Lenin himself on all anti-communist activities), thereby laying the foundations for the emergence of a full-fledged police state under Stalinism. When state-owned serfs were emancipated, the terms were somewhat more generous. Createyouraccount. I think that the Russian Revolution was a success. What happened in Russia immediately after the Bolshevik Revolution? The power was grabbed by a small group of radical Socialists in St Peterburg, who had the support of several military units in the city. Disheartened by the Bolsheviks dictatorial tendencies, a garrison of the key fortress of Kronstadt revolted in March 1921 against the communist government and the ideas of war communism even though the Kronstadt sailors had been, back in 1917, among the strongest supporters of the October Revolution and the idea of Soviet power. It inspired workers' rebellions around the world, and came close to succeeding in its ultimate goal. For starters, the Great October Revolution was unlike the February Revolution which erupted as a result of spontaneous action by hundreds of thousands of hungry and angry men and women workers and militant troops. The Russian Revolution of 1917 was one of the most explosive political events of the twentieth century. Press Esc to cancel. Machinery and work conditions were unsafe. They just wanted someone to keep them from starving to death. What did the Bolshevik Revolution lead to? The soon-to-be new Tzar Joseph Visarionovich Stalin, regarded the New Economic Policy as the betrayal of the October Revolution. After a successful revolution, Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin moved quickly to end Russia's participation in World War I. Why was the American Revolution important to global history? These workshops employed the majority of Russian workers, particularly Russian women. The sheer scale of the death and destruction associated with the Russian Revolution is almost unparalleled in modern history, with millions killed by war, terror, hunger, and disease within a very short space of time. copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. The soon-to-be new Tzar Joseph Visarionovich Stalin, regarded the New Economic Policy as the betrayal of the October Revolution. This is not an example of the work written by professional essay writers. The Russian Revolution was a series of revolutions in the Russian Empire during 1917. The leader of this government was Aleksandr Kerensky, who was eventually forced from power. What was the Cultural Revolution in Russia? Russia decided to withdraw from World War I because: (i) People were demanding peace. Why was the Diplomatic Revolution considered revolutionary? This is called the Russian Revolution. Why was the Chinese Empire so successful? In February 1917, Tsar Nicholas II abdicated, and a representative Provisional Government succeeded the autocracy. Feeding a larger population proved onerous for the agricultural community. The Russian Revolution is the mightiest event of the World War. The Russian Revolution, which was started by Lenin and his followers, was a rebellion that occurred in 1917 which forced higher powers to act to the needs of the lower class. By the time of the Revolution, Russia was in a state of economic collapse, driven by the costs of war and poor administration and management. Russian Revolution occurred in 1917 during the closing stages of World War I, which resulted in the withdrawal of Russia from the war and the creation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), which replaced the country's longstanding monarchy with the first Communist state in the world. It is important to note that the Russian Revolution marked the end of the Russian Empire. 1882 Pogroms against Jews spread across the Russian Empire, leading to mass emigration of the Jewish population. How did the February Revolution ignite the Russian Revolution? This conflict, ultimately, led to a Bolshevik victory in the Russian civil war that followed, and the establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922. In some areas, emancipation came later, with state-owned serfs not receiving their freedom until 1866. All rights reserved. Lasting from March 8, 1917, to June 16, 1923, the violent revolution saw the overthrow of the tradition of czarist rulers by the Bolsheviks, led by leftist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin. On the centenary of the Great October Revolution, an objective evaluation on socialism and the legacy of Soviet communism gives no room for mourning or celebration. He was, however, no better a commander than a Tsar. Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! People who are willing to engage and take action in a revolution are trying to fix the struggles in justice, reminding people not to forget the future against the . This sort of a revolution was bound to happen soon enough. This event marked the beginning of the Great October Revolution, one of the most significant political events of the twentieth century that shaped the course of history for decades ahead. How long did the Russian Revolution last? This decision would prove fatal during the Revolution. First, he appointed his inexperienced cousin as commander-in-chief of the army, then he planned an invasion of East Prussia. The Russian Revolution was successful because it ended feudalism and capitalism, which were two of the biggest problems in Russia. Why is the Russian Revolution important to world history? The legacy of the Russian Revolution obliges, one hundred years later, neither celebration nor mourning.

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